Herbal Resources
scientific & traditional herbal books, scholarly articles, and herbal research
Herbs have a deep and rich heritage in many cultures around the world for nutrition, healing, and strengthening. Because of the long history, herbalism has a wide scope of use, knowledge, and practice. Besides being used in many valuable medicines, herbs have been subjected to all manner of fallacy, superstition, and other recriminations. It is important to separate fabrication from truth, hence the necessity of good record and research. Our apothecary encourages scientific objectivity in assessing the existing evidence about herbs. Any information, with regard to the phytochemicals and the actions of herbs, contained herein has legitimacy, and have been referenced and cited for their traditional experience, scientific research, and clinical study, providing transparency of resources and evidence supporting the healthful act of using herbs. The history of herbal medicine’s confirmation remains predominantly in the traditional uses and experiences with an herb or blend. However, since the early 1990s, the use of "alternative medicine" has increased substantially and the scientific validation of herbal medicine has been steadily growing with reliable repeatable verification being obtained. It is estimated that more than 80% of the world's population depends on traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of diseases. This emphasizes the need for repeated verified research on herbs, their containing compounds, and their use with other herbs and blends. Many herbs that have made a resurgence in the modern mainstream world have created the initiative of needed scientific evidence, leading to vast amounts of research and clinical trial on particularly chosen herbs. Herbs, such as chamomile, echinacea, and turmeric, have numerous amounts of evidence indicating their medicinal use, and the general knowledge and belief tend to understand that these particular herbs are powerful and effective for many types of applications. The more attention researchers give herbs, the greater the range of mechanisms are found to explain their activity. There are some instances where there is little scientific research yet vast amounts of traditional use, however, a lack of research doesn't indicate that herbs lack activity. This is because of a lack of research funding or the general public's desire to know about particular lesser-known herbs, not because the plant lacks inherent value. Based on current general plant knowledge and nutrition, it would be hard to imagine a plant, with all its compounds and functions, not being effective for anything.
that have all in all ages diversly entertained many excellent wits,
and drawn them to the contemplation of the divine wisdome,
none have provoked mens studies more,
or satisfied their desires so much as plants have done,
and that upon just and worthy causes: for if delight may provoke mens labor,
what greater delight is there than to behold the earth apparelled with plants,
as with a robe of embroidered worke, set with Orient pearles
and garnished with great diversitie of rare and costly jewels?
If this varietie and perfection of colours may affect the eye,
it is such in herbs and floures,
that no Apelles, no Zeuxis ever could by any art expresse the like:
if odours or if taste any worke satisfaction, they are both so sovereigne in plants,
and so comfortable that no confection of the Apothecaries can equall their excellent vertue.
But these delights are in the outward senses:
the principal delight is in the mind,
singularly enriched with the knowledge of these visible things,
setting forth to us the invisible wisdome and admirable workmanship of Alighty God.
The delight is great, but the use greater, and joyned often with necessitie.
In the first ages of the world
they were ordinary meate of men,
and have continued ever since
of neccessary use both for meates to maintaine life,
and for medicine to recover health."
– John Gerard, The Herball (1597), page ¶4
Herbal Books
scientific & traditional herbalism books
• Blair, M.D., Thomas Stewart (1917). Botanic Drugs, Their Materia Medica, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics. The Therapeutic Digest Publishing Co., Cincinnati, Ohio.
• Coe, M.D., Grover (1862). Concentrated Organic Medicines. B. Keith & Co., New York, NY.
• Davison, Ph.D, Alvin (1908). The Human Body and Health: a text-book of essential anatomy, applied physiology, and practical hygiene American Book Company. New York, NY.
• Dressler, M.E., M.D., Florence (1902). Feminology: A Guide for Womankind, Giving in Detail Instructions as to Motherhood, Maidenhood, and the Nursery C.L. Dressler & Co., Publishers. Chicago, Illinois Woman's
• Gerard, John (1597). The Herball, or, Generall historie of plantes. John Norton, London.
• Gray, Henry (1918). Anatomy of the Human Body: Twentieth Edition. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia and New York.
• Grieve, Margaret (1931). A Modern Herbal (Vol. I, A-H). Dover Publications, reprint edition (1971). ISBN: 978-0486227986
• Grieve, Margaret (1931). A Modern Herbal (Vol. II, I-Z and Indexes). Dover Publications, reprint edition (1971). ISBN: 978-0486227993
• Hoffmann, David (1996). The Complete Illustrated Holistic Herbal: A Safe and Practical Guide to Making and Using Herbal Remedies. Element Books Ltd. ISBN: 978-1852308476
• Hoffmann, David (2003). Medical Herbalism: The Science and Practice of Herbal Medicine. Rochester, Vermont: Healing Arts Press. ISBN: 978-089281749-8
• Köhler, Hermann Adolph, et al. (1887). Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen Vol. 1 (1887) , Vol. 2 (1890) , and Vol. 3 (1898) . Published by Eugen Köhler, Gera, Germany.
• Lust, John B. (1974). The Herb Book. Dover Publications, reprint edition (2014). ISBN: 978-0486781440
• Mowrey, Ph.D., Daniel B. (1986). The Scientific Validation of Herbal Medicine. McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN: 978-0879835347
• Paine, M.D., William (1865). The Medical Properties and Uses of Concentrated Medicines. J.B. Rodgers, Philadelphia, PA.
• Peterson, Lee Allen (1977). Edible Wild Plants: Eastern and Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN: 0-395-20445-3
• Salmon, M.D., William (1692). Practical Physick. Printed by W. Bonny, for T. Howkins, and J. Harris, London.
• Thomé, Otto Wilhelm (1903). Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz Vol. 1 (1903) , Vol. 2 (1904) , Vol. 3 (1905) , and Vol. 4 (1905) . Published by Friedrich von Zezseh-witz, Gera, Germany.
• Thomson, Samuel (1841). The Thomsonian materia medica. J. Munshell, Albany, NY.
• Wood, Matthew (1997). The Book of Herbal Wisdom: Using Plants as Medicines. North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, CA. ISBN: 978-1556432323
• Wood, Matthew (2008). The Earthwise Herbal, Volume I: A Complete Guide to Old World Medicinal Plants. North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, CA. ISBN: 978-1-55643-692-5
• Wood, Matthew (2008). The Earthwise Herbal, Volume II: A Complete Guide to New World Medicinal Plants. North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, CA. ISBN: 978-1-55643-779-3
Scholarly Articles
scientific journal articles
• Abdelwahab, Siddig Ibrahim, et al. (2022). "Fifty-years of Global Research in Calendula officinalis L. (1971-2021): A Bibliometric Study" Clinical Complementary Medicina and Pharmacology Vol.2(4):100059. doi:10.1016/j.ccmp.2022.100059 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccmp.2022.100059
• Abdulkhaleq, L.A.; Assi, M.A.; Abdullah, R.; Zamri-Saad, M.; Taufiq-Yap, Y.H.; Hezmee, M.N.M. (2018). "The crucial roles of inflammatory mediators in inflammation: A review." Vet World Vol.11(5) 627-635. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2018.627-635 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5993766/
• Agarwal, Ashish and Chaudhary, Bharti (2020). "Clinical and microbiological effects of 1% Matricaria chamomilla mouth rinse on chronic periodontitis: A double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial" Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology Vol. 24(4):354-361. doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_441_19 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7418554/
• Al-Dabbagh, Bayan, et al. (2019) "Antioxidant and anticancer activities of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.)" BMC Research Notes Vol.12(1),3. doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3960-y https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6317209/
• Al-Kuran, O. et al. (2011) "The effect of late pregnancy consumption of date fruit on labour and delivery" Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol.31(1):29-31. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2010.522267 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21280989/
• Allen, Mary J.; Sabir, Sarah; Sharma, Sandeep (2022). "GABA Receptor" StatPearls Publishing Treasure Island, FL. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526124/
• Al-Zanbagi, Najia A., et al (2016). "In Vitro Investigation of Allium Sativum as Anti-Head Lice in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia" International Journal of Scientific Research Vol.5(5). ISSN No. 2277-8179 doi:10.36106/ijsr https://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/recent_issues_pdf/2016/May/May_2016_1492767326__207.pdf
• Amsterdam, Jay D., Shults, Justine, Soeller, Irene, Mao, Jun James, Rockwell, Kenneth, and Newberg, Andrew B. (2012). "Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) may provide antidepressant activity in anxious, depressed humans: an exploratory study" National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22894890/
• Anh, N. H., Kim, S. J., et al. (2020). "Ginger on Human Health: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of 109 Randomized Controlled Trials" Nutrients Vol.12(1), 157. doi: 10.3390/nu12010157. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019938/
• Appel, Kurt et al. (2011) "Modulation of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system by Passiflora incarnata L" Vol.25(6):838-843. doi: 10.1002/ptr.3352 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21089181/
• Armour, Mike, et al. (2019). "Exercise for dysmenorrhea" Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Vol.2019(9):CD004142. doi: 10.1002%2F14651858.CD004142.pub4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6753056/
• Arora, Disha; Rani, Anita; and Sharma, Anupam (2013). "A review on phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological aspects of genus Calendula" Pharmacognosy Reviews Vol. 7(14):179-187. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.120520 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3841996/
• Aune, Dagfinn, et al. (2011) "Dietary fibre, whole grains, and risk of colorectal cancer: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies" BMJ Vol. 2011, 343:d6617. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d6617 https://www.bmj.com/content/343/bmj.d6617
• Bakas, T.; van Nieuwenhuijzen, P.S.; et al. (2017) "The direct actions of cannabidiol and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol at GABAA receptors" Pharmacological Research Vol.119(2017):358-370. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.02.022 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28249817/
• Barak, Vivian, et al. (2001). "The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines." European Cytokine Network Vol.12(2) 290-296. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11399518/
• Bathina, Siresha and Das, Undurti (2015). "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications expression in the SH-SY5Y cell". Archives of Medical Science Vol.11(6):1164-1178. doi:10.5114/aoms.2015.56342 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697050/
• Bergamaschi, Mateus Machado; et al. (2011) "Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sative constituent" Current Drug Safety Vol. 6(4):237-249. doi:10.2174/157488611798280924 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22129319/
• Bethesda, M.D. (2022). LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury "Chaparral" National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548355/
• Binder, Devin K. and Scharfman, Helen E. (2008). "Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor" Growth Factors Vol.22(3):123-131. doi:10.1080/08977190410001723308 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2504526/
• Boehnke, C., Reuter, U., Flach, U., Schuh-Hofer, S., and Einhäupl, K. M. (2004). High-dose riboflavin treatment is efficacious in migraine prophylaxis: an open study in a tertiary care centre. European Journal of Neurology, Vol.11(7), 475–477. doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2004.00813.x. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15257686/
• Boi, Boh, Koh, Serena, and Gail, Desley (2012). "The effectiveness of cabbage leaf application (treatment) on pain and hardness in breast engorgement and its effect on the duration of breastfeeding". National Center for Biotechnology Information. doi:10.11124/01938924-201210200-00001. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27820535/
• Bormann, Maren; et al. (2021). "Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro" Viruses Vol.13(10):1914. doi:10.3390/v13101914 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8537626
• Bowe, Benjamin; Xie, Yan; and Al-Aly, Ziyad (2022). "Acute and postacute sequelae associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection" Natural Medicine Vol.28: 2398-2405. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02051-3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02051-3
• Campbell, Philip D; Miller, Ann M.; Woesner, Mary E. (2017). "Bright Light Therapy: Seasonal Affective Disorder and Beyond" The Einstein Journal of Biology and Medicine Vol. 32, E13-E25. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6746555/
• Campos, A.C.; Brant, F; Miranda, A.S.; Machado, F.S.; Teixeira, A.L. (2015). "Cannabidiol increases survival and promotes rescue of cognitive function in a murine model of cerebral malaria" Neuroscience Vol.289:166-180. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.051 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306452215000196?via%3Dihub
• Carlile, Edith M. (1972). "Silicon: An Essential Element for the Chick" Science Vol. 178(4061):619-621 doi: 10.1126/science.178.4061.619 https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.178.4061.619
• Carr, Anitra C. and Maggini, Silvia (2017). "Vitamin C and Immune Function" Nutrients Vol.9(11):1211. doi:10.3390/nu9111211. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29099763/
• Cattaneo, A.; Cattane, N.; Begni, V.; Pariante, C.M.; Riva, M.A. (2016). "The human BDNF gene: peripheral gene expression and protein levels as biomarkers for psychiatric disorders" Translational Psychiatry Vol.6, e958. doi:10.1038/tp.2016.214 https://www.nature.com/articles/tp2016214/
• Cerullo, Giuseppe; et al. (2020). "The Long History of Vitamin C: From Prevention of the Common Cold to Potential Aid in the Treatment of COVID-19" Frontiers in Immunology Vol.11-2020. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.574029. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.574029/full
• Chikwem, Adaeze J., Chikwem, John O., and Swinton, Derrick J. (2008). "Aqueous Extraction of Dried and Fresh Garlic, and Comparative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Garlic Extracts on Selected Bacteria" Nutrients Vol. 79(2), 56-60. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25433822
• Dai, Jiong, et al. (2013). "Activations of GABAergic signaling, HSP70 and MAPK cascades are involved in baicalin's neuroprotection against gerbil global ischemia/reperfusion injury". Brain Research Bulletin Vol.90(1-9). https://www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23041106/
• De Sousa, Damião Pergentino (2011). "Analgesic-like Activity of Essential Oils Constituents". Molecules Vol.16:2233-2252. https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/16/3/2233/htm
• Darkovska-Serafimovska, M., Serafimovska, T., Arsova-Sarafinovska, Z., Stefanoski, S., Keskovski, Z., & Balkanov, T. (2018) "Pharmacotherapeutic considerations for use of cannabinoids to relieve pain in patients with malignant diseases" Journal of Pain Research Vol. 11:837-842 DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S160556 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5922297/
• Devinsky, Orrin; Cross, Helen; Laux, Linda; Marsh, Eric; Miller, Ian; Nabbout, Rima; Scheffer, Ingrid E.; Thiele, Elizabeth A.; and Wright, Stephen (2017) "Trial of Cannabidiol for Drug-Resistant Seizures in the Dravet Syndrome" The New England Journal of Medicine Vol. 376:2011-2020. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1611618 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa1611618
• Di Campli, Emanuela, et al (2012). "Activity of tea tree oil and nerolidol alone or in combination against Pediculus capitis (head lice) and its eggs" Parasitology Research Vol.111(5):1985-1992. doi:10.1007/s00436-012-3045-0 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480584/
• Dias, Maria Celeste; Pinto, Diana C.G.A.; Silva, Artur M.S. (2021). "Plant Flavonoids: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity" Molecules Vol.26(17):5377 doi:10.3390/molecules26175377 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8434187/
• Dhingra, Devinder, et al. (2012) "Dietary fibre in foods: a review" Journal of Food Science and Technology Vol. 49(3):255-266. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0365-5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3614039/
• Dhingra, Devinder, et al. (2012) "" Vol. ():. doi: 10.1
• Eccles, Ron (2005) "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza" The Lancet Vol.5(11): 718-725. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7185637/
• Eddin, L. B., Jha, N. K., Meeran, M., Kesari, K. K., Beiram, R., and Ojha, S. (2021) "Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products" Molecules Vol.26(15): 4535. doi:10.3390/molecules26154535 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348102/
• Edwards, R. L.; Luis, P. B.; Varuzza, P. V.; Joseph, A. I.; Presley, S. H.; Chaturvedi, R.; Schneider, C. (2017). "The anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin is mediated by its oxidative metabolites" The Journal of Biological Chemistry Vol. 292(52), 21243-21252. https://www.jbc.org/article/S0021-9258(20)32691-0/fulltext
• Elsas, S.M. et al. (2011) "Passiflora incarnata L. (Passionflower) extracts elicit GABA currents in hippocampal neurons in vitro, and show anxiogenic and anticonvulsant effects in vivo, varying with extraction method" Vol.17(12):940-949. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.03.002 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2941540/
• ElSohly, Mahmoud A et al. (2017) "Phytochemistry of Cannabis sativa L." Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products Vol. 103(2017):1-36. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_1 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_1
• Evangelista, Mara Therese Padilla, Abad-Casintahan, Flordeliz, Lopez-Villafuerte, Lillian (2014). "The effect of topical virgin coconut oil on SCORAD index, transepidermal water loss, and skin capacitance in mild to moderate pediatric atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial". International Journal of Dermatology Vol. 53(1). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24320105/
• Farinon, Barbara, et al. (2020). "The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): Nutritional Quality and Potential Functionality for Human Health and Nutrition". Nutrients Vol.12(7). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400098/
• Farrell, Michael J., Cole, Leonie J., Chiapoco, David, Egan, Gary F., and Mazzone, Stuart B. (2012). "Neural correlates coding stimulus level and perception of capsaicin-evoked urge-to-cough in humans". NeuroImage, Volume 61, Issue 4, 16 July 2012, Pages 1324-1335. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1053811912003035
• Woodcock, M.D., Janet (2021). "COVID-19 Update: USDA, FDA Underscore Current Epidemiologic and Scientific Information Indicating No Transmission of COVID-19 Through Food or Food Packaging" FDA Press Announcements, February 18, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/covid-19-update-usda-fda-underscore-current-epidemiologic-and-scientific-information-indicating-no
• Fiani, Brian; Sarhadi, Kasra John; Soula, Marisol; Zafar, Atif; Quadri, Syed A. (2020) "Current application of cannabidiol (CBD) in the management and treatment of neurological disorders" Neurological Sciences Vol. 41(11):3085-3098. doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04514-2 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32556748/
• Fonseca, Lyca R. da, et al. (2020). "Herbal Medicinal Products from Passiflora for Anxiety: An Unexploited Potential". The Scientific World Journal Vol.2020:6598434. doi: 10.1155/2020/6598434. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7387951/
• Fraguas-Sánchez, A. I., and Torres-Suárez, A. I. (2018) Medical Use of Cannabinoids Drugs Vol.78(16):1665-1703. doi:10.1007/s40265-018-0996-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-018-0996-1
• Goetz, T.; Arslan, A.; Wisden, W.; and Wulff, P. (2007). "GABAA receptors: structure and function in the basal ganglia" Progress in Brain Research Vol.160:21-41. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60003-4 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2648504/
• Gohar, Ahmed A. and Zaki, Ahmed A. (2014). "Assessment of some Herbal Drugs for Prophylaxis of Peptic Ulcer". National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177631/
• Gold, Nina A.; Mirza, Taaha M.; Avva, Usha (2022). Alcohol Sanitizer StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513254/#_NBK513254_pubdet_
• Gonulalan, Ekrem-Murat, et al. (2018). "The roles of valerenic acid on BDNF expression in the SH-SY5Y cell". Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal Vol.26(7). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6218383/
• Grinspoon, M.D., Peter. (2021). "The endocannabinoid system: Essential and mysterious". Harvard Health Publishing: Harvard Medical School https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/the-endocannabinoid-system-essential-and-mysterious-202108112569
• Gründemann, Carsten; Lengen, Karin; Sauer, Barbara; Garcia-Käufer; Zehl, Martin; and Huber, Roman (2014). "Equisetum arvense (common horsetail) modulates the function of inflammatory immunocompetent cells" BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Vol.14:283 DOI:10.1186/1472-6882-14-283 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132922/
• He, J., and Giusti, M. M. (2010). "Anthocyanins: natural colorants with health-promoting properties." Annual Review of Food Science and Technology Vol.1 163–187. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22129334/
• He, Yan; Yue, Yuan; Zheng, Xi; Zhang, Kun; Chen, Shaohua, Chen; Du, Zhiyun (2015). "Curcumin, Inflammation, and Chronic Disease: How Are They Linked?" Molecules Vol. 20(5), 9183-9213. DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059183. https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/5/9183/htm
• Heron, Silena and Yarnell, Eric (2001). "The Safety of Low-Dose Larrea tridentata (DC) Doville (Creosote Bush or Chaparral):A Retrospective Clinical Study" The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine Vol.7(2):175-185. doi:10.1089/107555301750164262 https://doi.org/10.1089/107555301750164262
• Heukelbach, Jorg, et al (2007). "The effect of natural products on head lice: In vitro tests and clinical evidence" Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Vol.2(02):1-10. doi:10.1055/s-0035-1557021 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235419172_The_effect_of_natural_products_on_head_lice_In_vitro_tests_and_clinical_evidence
• Hieu, Truong Hong, et al. (2019). "Therapeutic efficacy and safety of chamomile for state anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia, and sleep quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials and quasi-randomized trials". Phytotherapy Research Vol.33(6):1604-1615. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31006899/
• Hillbeck, Angelika, et al. (2015) "No scientific consensus on GMO safety" Environmental Sciences Europe Vol.27(4) DOI:10.1186/s12302-014-0034-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-014-0034-1
• Hinman, M.D., Sally K., et al. (2015). "Exercise in pregnancy" Sports Health Vol.7(6):527-531. doi: 10.1177/1941738115599358 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4622376/
• Hussain, G., Rasul, A., Anwar, H., Aziz, N., Razzaq, A., Wei, W., Ali, M., Li, J., & Li, X. (2018). "Role of Plant Derived Alkaloids and Their Mechanism in Neurodegenerative Disorders". Hislopia Journal Vol.14(3):341-357. doi:10.7150/ijbs.23247 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5859479/
• Iffland, Kerstin; Grotenhermen, Franjo (2017) "An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies" Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research Vol. 2(1):139-154. doi: 10.1089/can.2016.0034 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28861514/
• Igbal, Jamshed et al. (2012). "Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Aerial Parts of Periploca aphylla and Ricinus communis". ISRN Pharmacology 2012, 563267. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3418662/
• Institute of Medicine "Dietary Reference Intakes: For energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids" U.S. Dept. Of Health and Human Services, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine of The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. ISBN: 0-309-08525-X https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10490/chapter/1
• Institute of Medicine and National Research Council Committee on the Framework for Evaluating the Safety of Dietary Supplements (2005). Dietary Supplements: A Framework for Evaluating Safety, "Prototype Focused Monograph: Review of Liver-Related Risks for Chaparral". National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK216060/
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